How would you classify the relationship between the polychaete worm and the shrimp? Their relationship is predator-prey, with the polychaete worm acting as the predator and the shrimp as the prey. Silversides - They travel in groups and have the advantage of their color How would you classify the relationship between the sponge and the shrimp? Their relationship is commensalism as the shrimp lives off of the sponge but the sponge receives nothing. Jacks - They are very fast and herd fish in order to make in easier for them (jacks) to attack b. Describe the predatory adaptations of the jacks, and the defensive adaptations of the silversides. Jacks and silversides are a good example of an evolutionary arms race between predators and prey. You can join us by taking action here.How would you classify the relationship between parrotfish and coral? Their relationship is predator-prey, with the parrotfish acting as the predator and the coral as the prey. Global Citizen campaigns to achieve the Global Goals, including the goal to improve life below water. I just hope it realises that that is the case.” time in the history of humanity, for the first time in 500 million years, one species has the future in the palm of its hands. What we actually do here… has a direct effect on the oceans and what the oceans do then reflects back on us,” he said. “We may think we live a long way from the oceans but we don’t. Read more: These Sunglasses Are Cleaning Up the World’s Oceans One Pair at a Time The average person who eats seafood swallows an estimated 11,000 pieces of microplastic every year, according to researchers at the University of Ghent.Īnd Attenborough hopes that his series will provide a wake-up call and communicate the message that we need to act now against plastic pollution. And plastic in the water is then eaten by marine animals. Toxins that wash into bodies of water - for example, agricultural pesticides and chemicals from industrial plants - latch onto plastic. Plastic in the ocean acts as a magnet for pollutants. Read more: Shocking Photos Show Extent of Plastic Pollution in Caribbean More than 8 million tonnes of plastic enter the world’s oceans every year, and by 2050, it is predicted that there will be more plastic in the sea than fish. “Not sand-eels, not fish, and not squid, which is what they mostly eat, but plastic. “There is a shot of the young being fed, and what comes out of the beak of the adult?” said Sir David, talking to Greenpeace before the series launch. Read more: Sir David Attenborough’s New Series Will Show ‘Heartbreaking’ Scene of Birds Feeding Baby Chicks PlasticĪt the launch of the series in September, Attenborough revealed that teams had recorded seabirds feeding their chicks with scraps of plastic Sir David has already spoken out about the “heartbreaking” examples of plastic pollution that the team documented while filming the series. The Blue Planet series, created by veteran broadcaster Attenborough, focusses on how our oceans are changing - with an emphasis on the impact that humans are having.Īnd the team are also trying to persuade others to follow suit, with the #2MinuteBeachClean campaign which asks volunteers to help pick up litter in their community.
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The Detroit Pistons begin the regular season at home against Zach Lavine and the revamped Chicago Bulls this Wednesday, Oct. The Pistons also look to finalize their 15 man roster before the start of their regular season and make the according roster cuts. As Cunningham and Hayes are introduced into the core, the Pistons will face opponents with the current number one overall pick as well as a dynamic passer with Hayes. The Pistons have shown their ability on the defensive end as they continue to build upon their focuses in the preseason, but for a young team, it will take time.Įntering the regular season, the Pistons showcased a faster pace and pass-heavy offense to go along with a small ball lineup built to run against opponents. In an East with players like Embiid and Giannis Antetokounmpo, the interior will be a focal point for the defense. The Pistons also struggled with turning the ball over and contested shots as they squeaked out the close win.Ĭoach Dwane Casey will likely look to keep improving on closing games and interior defense, as the young team allowed a 22 point comeback as well as losing the scoring battle in the paint in the preseason. The young Pistons have struggled against larger frontcourts in the preseason, as they gave up rebounding advantages, and points in the paint against several opponents, but mainly won tonight’s game at the free-throw line, converting on 29 out of 35 trips to the line. The 76ers spread the scoring load across the board as they showcased their depth and resilience against an upstarting Piston team. The 76ers played without star center Joel Embiid, guard Ben Simmons who just ended a contract hold out, and most of their starting lineup to rest as they prepare for another run in a competitive Eastern Conference. The Pistons are still without guards Cade Cunningham and Killian Hayes, both of whom are expected to start for the rebuilding team. Piston’s second-year center Isaiah Stewart added 17 points and 12 rebounds against former Pistons center Andre Drummond, a good sight after the team struggled to grab rebounds in their first three games. The 76ers, who were without most of their starting lineup, played a competitive and balanced game in the final night of preseason basketball. The Pistons, led by forward Jerami Grant’s game-high 24 points, staved off a competitive 76ers team who battled back from being down 22. 13, the Detroit Pistons beat a shorthanded Philadelphia 76ers 112-108 to close out the preseason with a 2-2 record. "The fall in is a harbinger of souring business sentiment.On Friday, Oct. "Growth was driven by a strong consumer, offset by a pullback in spending by businesses as they cut inventories and slashed equipment purchases," Mace McCain, chief investment officer at Frost Investment Advisors, said in an email. The start of the year was marked by robust spending from consumers and governments and a fall in business investment. SVB and First Republic's problems aren't going away. First Republic stock plunges after depositors flee.First Republic stock continues free fall amid mounting worries."We expect marginal GDP growth in Q2 and a mild recession in the second half of the year as tighter lending conditions, elevated interest rates, and stubborn price pressures lead consumers and business to pull back on spending." economist at Oxford Economics, said in a note. "We believe that Q1 will end up being the best quarter for the economy this year," Oren Klachkin, lead U.S. Many analysts also believe that recent turmoil in the banking sector, with Silicon Valley Bank and Signature Bank failing in March and First Republic bank looking wobbly, will lead to a slowdown in lending and act as a further brake on the economy. The library is filled with a set of atmospheric synthesizer keys and several pads from Luftrum’s Andromeda A6 and Prophet 6.įragile in its essence, Expanse evokes awareness and consciousness from the sounds inside, all without a single spoken word. It features brilliant pads, dynamic arpeggios, brilliant rich soundscapes, and subatomic basses of dark matter. The presets have been refined and carefully sculpted to give you a cosmic palette of vibrant, deep and vibrant sounds. Decipher the relic and open its gate to a higher consciousness …Įxpanse is an endless ocean of cutting-edge electronic sounds for Omnisphere 2.5 and higher, containing 100 new presets, 54 of which are pads, this is the second release of the American ambient producer and sound engineer Echo Season. The expedition returns with a single clue to this strangely developed ecosystem: a mystical ultrasound artifact engraved with the word EXPANSE. Click on the track title, to see the names of the presets played.In search of a new home, humanity is sent to a distant exoplanet of mysterious life forms. It is not created nor endorsed by Vangelis, it is not an official Vangelis product and Vangelis has not been involved in the creation of the soundset. Disclaimer: This is a soundset inspired by Vangelis. Subscribe to the newsletter and save 20%. We recommend checking out Equilibrium or the cinematic Pandorum II both for Omnisphere. For another equivalent soundset of synth emulations, check out Luftkraft for U-He Diva, inspired by the work of Kraftwerk. So if you have Luftrum Ambient 2, you will already have a few of the presets. There are four patches ported over from the soundset Luftrum Ambient 2, among them the Hymne preset (which is revisited in this release) but also the Blade Runner Main and two others. A PDF guide is included that describes how to install the set. The presets are sorted in official Spectrasonics categories and have a few dB of headroom reserved. The Vangelis soundset is 52 MB and requires Omnisphere v2.8 or later. Modwheel and aftertouch play an essential part in the performance of most of the sounds. They are authentic to Vangelis, being expressive and extremely velocity-sensitive. All the presets in the set possess great attention to detail. As an extra, the set comes with 22 FX Rack Presets which are effect presets, creatively and freely inspired by the reverb of Vangelis and the Lexicon 224. All drawing inspiration from sounds we imagine Vangelis could have designed himself, and used in his compositions. Expressive synth keys, pads and strings, synthesized harps, sound effects of rain and wind, synth leads, and basses. It also contains synth presets, freely inspired by Vangelis’ music in general. But the soundbank is much more than emulations. There is no external processing of any kind, n o EQ, no compression, and no other sounds or effects used. All sounds in the YouTube video and the main demo on SoundCloud are straight from the Vangelis soundset. Some of the emulations include the CS-80 synth lead from the Blade Runner Main Titles, the Koto-sounding synth key from Theme from Antarctica, the mesmerizing arpeggio from Fields of Coral, the synth brass as heard in Five Circles a recreation of the fragile and delicate synth key from Le Petite Fille de la Mer, and the classic harmonica/synth lead from Blade Runner Blues, plus many more emulations and Vangelis-inspired sounds. This is a humble and personal tribute to honor the legacy of a giant. His ability to compose melodies – as if they were a direct extension of his emotions – is something Luftrum always aims to channel into the creation of his own sounds. Vangelis has influenced the Luftrum output like no one else, and in every Luftrum release, there’s always a bit of Vangelis. From the early era of L’Apocalypse des Animaux and Opera Sauvage, to later compositions such as his film score to the Oscar-winning Chariots of Fire and Koreyoshi Kurahara’s film Antarctica, to solo albums like The City and Direct, Voices and Oceanic, and of course, his immortal and epic soundtrack to the 1982 Ridley Scott sci-fi classic film Blade Runner. The soundset is inspired by the music of Vangelis. The collection contains 115 presets, divided among 90 patches and 25 multis. Vangelis for Omnisphere Vangelis for Omnisphere is a tribute soundset of synth emulations and Vangelis-inspired sounds, carefully created by Luftrum by closely studying some of the classics Vangelis composed throughout his life. There is Vigor Male XLP always a slight risk of side effects occurring for select individuals when they begin taking a supplement like this. The short-term benefits should be noticeable with the hour, but the long-term benefits may take a bit longer. 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We think you’ll love this product if you choose to order, but you know who might love it even more? Whoever you’re with, that’s who. This formula activates the parts of you body that need to be active to make sure you’re deliver the best in bed. That’s why we want to tell you about a new supplement called Vigor Male XLP male enhancement pills. Vigor Male XLP If you’re a guy, we’re guessing that you want to make sure that you’re performing at your best when you’re between the sheets. These proper motions, combined with the radial velocities measured from spectra, give stars’ 3D velocity in space. Years of data collection also reveal stars’ actual movements across the sky. The maps show the total brightness and colour of stars (top), the total density of stars (middle) and the interstellar dust that fills the Galaxy (bottom).ĮSA / Gaia / DPAC Maps: CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO Gaia’s all-sky view of our Milky Way Galaxy and neighbouring galaxies. Over time, astronomers have pinpointed more than 1 billion stars not just on the sky, but in space. With a touch of geometry, Gaia’s parallaxes convert into reliable distances for stars throughout the Milky Way. To fulfill the mission’s primary science goal, Gaia’s parallax measurements must be unparalleled - precise to within a milliarcsecond for even the faintest stars, and 100 times better than that for the brighter ones. (The spacecraft orbits at the L 2 Lagrange point, 1.5 million km from Earth opposite the Sun.) The stars’ apparent motion, called parallax, is akin to watching closer objects appear to move when you look at them with first one eye and then the other. The space-based telescope spins to take in the whole sky not just once but many times, so that it can watch a multitude of stars as it circles the Sun. And the data have only gotten better with time. Astronomers have used Gaia data to make unprecedented maps of the Milky Way and peel back 10 billion years of its history.Įven the first data set, released in 2016, gave exquisitely precise brightness and position measurements for more than 1 billion stars. In the decade since Gaia’s launch in 2013, the mission has altered the astronomical playing field. The newest data release is accompanied by a series of studies appearing in a special issue of Astronomy & Astrophysics. The release also contains brand-new information on 1.2 million more distant stars in the Andromeda Galaxy, millions of galaxies and quasars, as well as thousands of objects in our cosmic backyard, including solar system moons, asteroids, and comets. Spectra also uncover stars’ make-up and even their origin. These rainbows reveal Milky Way stars’ motions toward and away from Earth, their radial velocities, which when combined with other Gaia data, gives their 3D motion through space. “I, for instance, woke up way too early and could not go back to sleep thinking about it!”įor the first time, the new data release includes millions of spectra, showing objects’ brightness across the colors of the rainbow. “ day has been anticipated by the entire astronomical community,” says Ricardo Schiavon (Liverpool John Moores University), who uses Gaia data but isn’t involved in the collaboration. Visual material, in the form of photographs, images and animations are available for use.Today, the European Space Agency’s Gaia mission releases its third data set, with new and improved details on 1.8 billion stars in the Milky Way and beyond. A number of resources are provided indicating how the Hipparcos and Tycho data can be used as educational tools. Some scientific highlights from the mission are noted. The Hipparcos and Tycho catalogues are described, and details on how to access the catalogues are provided. This web site presents background information describing the mission, the satellite and payload, operations and data reduction procedures. The Tycho 2 Catalogue, completed in 2000, brings the total to 2,539,913 stars, and includes 99% of all stars down to magnitude 11, almost 100,000 times fainter than the brightest star, Sirius. An auxiliary star mapper pinpointed many more stars with lesser but still unprecedented accuracy, in the Tycho Catalogue of 1,058,332 stars. Calculations from observations by the main instrument generated the Hipparcos Catalogue of 118,218 stars charted with the highest precision. Launched in August 1989, Hipparcos successfully observed the celestial sphere for 3.5 years before operations ceased in March 1993. ESA's Hipparcos space astrometry mission was a pioneering European project which pinpointed the positions of more than one hundred thousand stars with high precision, and more than one million stars with lesser precision. Now, instead of simply using the toy to understand themselves better, Lioness owners can opt in to the kinds of hands-on studies that are necessary for a deeper understanding of sex and pleasure. This spring, the company has launched a research platform dubbed Lioness 2.0 - a new optional service that, unsurprisingly, their data-obsessed users have greeted with open arms. The chart “can change people’s perceptions of their own experiences, and how they talk about them with others.” Doing the Deed - For Science With the company’s signature offering in hand - a chart of sexual arousal over time - Klinger found that couples could have a conversation “without the subtext of ‘oh, you’re not good enough, or I don’t like you enough,’ on the husband’s part and ‘I’m so tired of talking about this’ on the wife’s part,” she says. He’d spend more time, but it just didn’t match up, you know?” Klinger recalled that when she got the first beta-test couple on the phone, “the wife was like ‘holy crap, we finally were able to talk about these things that I’ve had a lot of trouble talking about.’ It turned out that she wanted more foreplay, and he didn’t know quite that that meant. It was an immediate success for sex partners who needed ways to talk about pleasure in a more objective way. The researchers would download the data collected by the toy’s four sensors - temperature, motion, acceleration and pressure - and compile it into a chart that represented arousal and orgasm, as told through the story of pelvic-floor muscle contractions. We had to physically send it to our beta testers, who used it and sent it back,” recalls Klinger. The “test device was this whole mess of wires, with a hard connection. The final product was a far cry from the first prototype, which was much more laboratory object than sex toy. She and her team have built a platform that lets people become citizen scientists of sex -without ever having to get out from between the sheets.Ībout a decade ago, Klinger’s company, Lioness, released what they billed as the first “smart vibrator,” a sex toy that could actually learn about you. Technologist Liz Klinger is at the forefront of this transition. Luckily, we live in an era of Silicon Valley disruption, which has even started lapping at the shores of sex research. But for many couples this isn’t a helpful revelation, since the emotional maturity necessary to teach sexual dexterity is often out of reach. Indeed, it makes sense that knowing your way around the territory would help. Some think that it comes down to straight men’s finesse, or lack thereof, citing the difference between straight and lesbian satisfaction. A further 40 percent of women report some kind of inability to reach orgasm in the past year. Other studies have shown that something like 10-15 percent of women experience lifelong anorgasmia, meaning they’ve never experienced orgasm. Lesbian women orgasmed less often, 75 percent of the time, while straight women fared worst with just a 60 percent chance of orgasm. In a survey of nearly 3,000 people, they found that men, straight or gay, orgasmed 85 percent of the time during consensual sexual encounters. academy for the study of sex and relationships, said as much. Back in 2014, researchers from the Kinsey Institute, the preeminent U.S. What we do know, despite widespread cultural discomfort with talking openly about sex and pleasure, is that there appears to be significant sexual dysfunction in American society. Neither of these approaches have resulted in the kind of “wet lab” research that’s the gold standard for biological understanding. Researchers that study how the female orgasm relates to reproductive success have two main options - either ask people invasive questions about their most personal moments, or to find a way to stick probes in or on them during said moments. Fertilization doesn’t depend on it, and “fun” isn’t exactly in the pantheon of evolutionary explanations. But the female orgasm has been harder to nail down. The male orgasm makes perfect sense - ejaculate contains the genetic material that’s necessary for making babies. If a biological trait improves your chances of having more offspring, then it’s more likely to stick around in your species. Biological functions are normally discussed in terms of evolutionary pressure, or reproductive advantage. There’s something strange about the female orgasm, something that scientists have been unable to explain. How was this clip manipulated using a Curves adjustment? If an effect has a star next to its icon, what type of effect is it? Which preference pane includes the Video Transition Default Duration and Audio Transition Default Duration? Which application does NOT support Dynamic Link?
The Court starts with a heavy presumption against a state law that infringes the constitutional or statutory right in question. The compelling interest standard of RLUIPA-like the compelling interest standard that the Court employs when applying strict scrutiny to examine state limitations on certain constitutional rights-necessarily operates as a balancing test. This case illustrates both the difficulty of those inquiries and the important role that history and state practice often play in the analysis. He Court's holding implicates significant issues about how the Court decides whether a State's asserted interest is sufficiently "compelling" and how the Court assesses whether less restrictive means could satisfy that compelling interest. I've long been interested in the subject (see, e.g., my criticisms of strict scrutiny in my 1996 Freedom of Speech, Permissible Tailoring, and Transcending Strict Scrutiny and in Part II of my A Common-Law Model for Religious Exemptions), and I was therefore especially interested in seeing Justice Kavanaugh's concurrence discussing the matter in today's Ramirez v. The details of how strict scrutiny plays out end up being quite important, but while the Court has a lot of precedents applying strict scrutiny, many of the key questions (such as how one can tell whether an interest is "compelling") remain unresolved. At the same time, a lot of others should fail. But in other areas, such as religious exemptions governed by RFRAs or RLUIPA (statutes that borrow the strict scrutiny test from constitutional law), a lot of restrictions must pass-no Justice thinks, for instance, that people should get religious exemptions from laws banning homicide or theft or vandalism or trespass, or for that matter from most tax laws and other important regulatory regimes. In some fields, such as free speech or race classifications, the inquiry is "strict in theory but fatal in fact": Very few restrictions pass the test. (to oversimplify slightly), when the government can show that restricting the right is the "least restrictive means" of serving a "compelling government interest." The proposed doctrinal reformulation would also introduce clarity into a currently opaque, yet abidingly important, domain of public law.In many areas of constitutional law, the Court allows a constitutional right to be overcome when a restriction passes "strict scrutiny"- i.e. By abandoning the emerging tiers of scrutiny and instead employing a lockstep approach to the review of enumerated powers, this Article suggests, federal courts would reduce opportunities for strategic behavior by judges and elected officials. At the same time as it creates negative externalities, therefore, the practice of tiered review for enumerated powers lacks any compelling normative justification. Closely examining each of those six justifications for stratified review, it finds all of them wanting. This Article then identifies six potential justifications for the Court's emergent practice of calibrating judicial review differentially by enumerated power. Drawing on political science scholarship, social choice theory, and public choice theory, it demonstrates that the Court's use of tiers of scrutiny has deleterious effects on judicial and legislative incentives and behavior. Having demonstrated the existence of tiers of scrutiny for enumerated powers, it then evaluates their use in enumerated powers jurisprudence. This Article's threshold contribution is a comprehensive documentation of variation in doctrinal formulae concerning the standard of review in enumerated powers cases. This observed heterogeneity in the judicial demand for legislative rationality and empirical evidence is quite distinct from questions of how broadly or narrowly the substance of each enumerated power is defined. Variation in the standard of review generates both synchronie and diachronic oscillation in the quantum of empirical justification and means-end rationality demanded of Congress. This is so because the Court not only delineates each power's substantive boundaries differently but also applies distinct standards of review to the various legislative powers enumerated in Article I and elsewhere in the Constitution. The inquiry is motivated by the Court's recent ruling on the federal healthcare law, which demonstrated that the national legislature's election among its diverse textual sources of authority in Article I can have large, outcome-determinative consequences in constitutional challenges to federal laws. This Article identifies and analyzes the recent emergence of a "tiers of scrutiny" system in Supreme Court jurisprudence respecting the boundaries of Congress's enumerated powers. Surfshark VPN Mod Apk is a preferred option for people who want to manage their web browsing experience using an additional layer of security. It just goes through as if the network is unoccupied. 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Thanks to the Surfshark Windows client, we can browse the Internet safely and without any concerns, as all our traffic, whether inbound or outbound, will be encrypted. The open and safe Internet that we were promised back then is now only accessible through tools capable of protecting our digital life, as is the case with Surfshark, a VPN service that guarantees our security and anonymity and access to contents censored by enemies of free speech, amongst many other functions. The access to the web opens an entire world of possibilities and contents to users but it’s also a matter of concern due to the continuous meddling of governments and institutions who intend to regulate its use or even other unscrupulous users. Our digital life, especially on the Internet, is constantly under threat. Spindle fibers originate and the kinetochore fibers connect to the kinetochore of the homologous chromosome from each pole and organize bivalents at the equator. The nuclear membrane disorganizes at the beginning of this stage. But still, they are united at one point at the end not by chiasmata. At the same time separation of the homologous chromosomes is completed. The condensation of chromosomes reaches its maximum point during this phase. Otherwise, the chromatids can separate from each other. Each bivalent has at least one chiasmata. The homologous chromosomes remain united by chiasmata. So, they begin to separate from each other. Pachytene may last for days, weeks, or even years but leptotene and zygotene can last only for a few hours. Crossing over produces new recombination. Thus, the reshuffling of genetic material takes place. The exchange of segment of the non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes is called crossing over. These similar but not necessarily similar chromosomes are called homologous chromosomes. The interphase of meiosis lacks the G2 phase. Each chromosome has two chromatids because chromosomes have been replicated during interphase. Each diploid cell has two chromosomes of each type, one participant from each parent, as a result of the fusion of male and female gametes. This is a long phase, and differs from the prophase of mitosis, due to the fact that in this, chromosomes behave as homologous pairs. Interphase is followed by meiosis I and meiosis II. Interphase is divided into the same three phases i.e. The preparatory steps of meiosis are identical to the interphase of mitosis. The initial meiotic division is the reduction division, whereas the second meiotic department is just like the mitosis.īoth divisions are divided into subphases like prophase 1, metaphase 1, anaphase 1, telophase 1, and the very same names are used for phases of meiosis II. Two divisions are meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis was first discovered and described by German biologist OscarHertwig in sea urchin eggs in 1876.Įach diploid cell after meiosis produces 4 haploid cells, due to the fact that it involves two consecutive divisions after single replication of DNA. The word meiosis originates from the Greek word ‘meioun’, meaning “to make small,” as it results in a reduction in chromosome number. If there is no meiosis the chromosome number will become double after every generation. Secondly, maintains the number of chromosomes constant in species. Meiosis is significant for variation produces by crossing over and a random assortment of chromosomes. The completion result is the production of four haploid cells. Mechanically, the process resembles mitosis, though its outcomes are basically different. Meiosis II is the second meiotic division, that involves equational partition, or separation of sister chromatids. In meiosis I there is segregation of paired chromosomes and at the end, each daughter cell contains one chromosome (with two chromatids). It occurs in animals at the time of gamete formation and in plants at the time of spore formation. Crossing over – the reshuffling of genetic material (chromosomes) takes place which produces new recombinants and causes genetic diversity. The prophase of meiosis is also significant because it has some important events. as for the sperm, they are usually just left in the testes, and if not released through a process such as ejaculation they may start to die in the testes.The new daughter cells formed are haploid. in case that this does not occur, the ovum is shed off with the uterine lining in a process known as menstruation. their fate is either fertilization, in which case the sperm and ovum form an embryo that develops in the fallopian tubes and then in the uterus. the ova are developed inside the follicles of the ovary and typically the one ovum that matures the most is released from its follicle during ovulation. in humans, the sperm is nourished by the sertoli cells in the testes to ensure that they grow and mature. note that some cells are stuck in a phase of the cell cycle known as G_0, where they do not go through mitosis till reverted back to the G_1 stage.Īs for meiosis, cells are usually nourished so that they grow. an exception is cancerous cells such as with the TP53 mutation, where mitosis keeps going on continuously even if there is insufficient energy/organelles available, often resulting in tumours. scientifically, this is beneficial because of the accumulation of mutations that may potentially be dangerous. for human somatic cells, mitosis can only occur about 20-50 times before it undergoes apoptosis, a number known as the Hayflick limit. After mitosis, cells go back to the interphase stage of the cell cycle and carry on the cell cycle. |
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